인디언 달력, 달의 이름

 

출처 Creation Myths and Legends of the Creek Indians, University of Florida

(https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/AA/00/01/16/79/00001/CreationMythsofCreekIndians.pdf)

pp 63-65

 

Temporal versus Sacred Time Among the Creeks, time must be thought of as existing in two forms: linear (temporal) and cyclic (sacred). The temporal aspects of Creek time have been recorded by several early writers. According to Adair, the Creek new year begins at the first new moon after the vernal equinox. According to Swan the new year begins at the time of the Annual Busk, which he places in August. Swanton suggests that these two accounts seem at odds but provides his own reconciliation of the two views. He suggests Creek temporal time could be divided into two seasons of six months each. The Annual Busk, from which all sacred events were counted, marked the ending of the old year and the summer season (February through July) and the beginning of the new year and winter season (August through January). Another division could be made at right angles to this one, which marked the ceremonial season. Most, if not all, public ceremonies occurred from April to October.

 

Ellis Childers, the last chief of the Chiaha and one of Swanton’s sources, gives his account of the ceremonial season as follows: “When the new moon at the end of April or beginning of May approaches the medicine man (hilis-haya) tells the miko to call his people. He also tells the miko in what phase of the moon to send out. Immediately the miko sends a ta’pala or ‘messenger’ through the town to notify everyone to meet at the square ground that night.”

 

Over a four-day period follows a series of dances; the collection and taking of medicine, which included the miko hoyan•dja, pasa, cedar, and hit¥’tåbi (ice weed); and the delivery of speeches and announcements or messages from other towns. At the next new moon the same procedure is followed. At the third new moon the chief and a chosen number from each “bed” decide the date for the Annual Busk. A cane is split into small pieces representing the number of days until the Busk. One bundle is tied over the chief’s seat on the Busk Ground and one bundle is sent to each friendly town as an invitation to share in the Busk.

 

According to Speck, the Yuchis divided the year into four seasons: the spring (when summer is near), the summer (related to “south”), the autumn (when the tree leaves are yellow), and winter (snow comes). Speck’s list of month names, along with those provided for other groups by Swan and Swanton, are as follows:

 

January: Ground Frozen Month (Yuchi) Little Winter Moon (Swan) none given (Alabama) Little Winter (Koasati)

February: Wind Month (Yuchi) The Windy Moon (Swan) none given (Alabama) none given (Koasati)

March: Little Summer (Yuchi) Little Spring Moon (Swan) Wind Moon (Alabama) Wind Moon (Koasati)

April: Big Summer (Yuchi) Big Spring Moon (Swan) Planting Moon (Alabama) Planting Moon (Koasati)

May: Mulberry Ripening Month (Yuchi) Mulberry Moon (Swan) May Haws Ripe (Alabama) May Haws Ripe (Koasati) June: Blackberry Ripening Month (Yuchi) Blackberry Moon (Swan) Half Way Month (Alabama) ? (Koasati)

July: Middle of Summer (Yuchi) Little Ripening Moon (Swan) Mulberries Ripe (Alabama) Mulberries Ripe (Koasati) August: Dog Day (Yuchi) Big Ripening Moon (Swan) Wild Peaches Ripe (Alabama) none given (Koasati)

September: Hay Cutting Month (Yuchi) Little Chestnut Moon (Swan) none given (Alabama) none given (Koasati)

October: Corn Ripening Month (Yuchi) Big Chestnut Moon (Swan) Frog Moon (Alabama) none given (Koasati) November: none given (Yuchi) Falling Leaf Moon (Swan) Black Water (Alabama) Whippoorwill Moon (Koasati) December: Middle of Winter (Yuchi) Big Winter Moon (Swan) none given (Alabama) Big Winter (Koasati)

 

The passage of temporal time was punctuated with sacred times that were out of the ordinary, qualitatively different kinds of time when things were not as they seemed and humans were in touch with sacred powers. In the earliest of times, soon after creation, sacred power abounded. All that existed, existed as a manifestation of sacred power. Animals and humans shared similar characteristics and spoke the same language. All existence was equally saturated with sacred power. As time passed, though, direct encounters with sacred power became limited to certain times or were achievable only through intensive training or participation in rituals. Warfare and hunting were perceived as sacred times and were elaborated with ritual and intense cultural meaning. A woman’s first menses signaled a move from childhood to adulthood and was accompanied by ceremony associated with her power to bring forth life.

 

Certain rites and rituals also became necessary for the maintenance of universal balance and the perpetuation of time. Rites and rituals that were communicated to humans through sacred means became the basis of the ritual life of the Creeks.

 

 

출처: https://americanindian.net/moons.html (2018.6.)

ABENAKI
JANUARY      Alamikos       Greetings Maker Moon
FEBRUARY     Piaôdagos      Makes Branches Fall In Pieces Moon
MARCH        Mozokas        Moose Hunter Moon
MID-MARCH    Sigwankas      Spring Season Maker Moon
APRIL        Sogalikas      Sugar Maker Moon
MAY          Kikas          Field Maker Moon
JUNE         Nokahigas      Hoer Moon
JULY         Temaskikos     Grass Cutter Moon
AUGUST       Temezôwas      Cutter Moon
SEPTEMBER    Skamonkas      Corn Maker Moon
OCTOBER      Penibagos      Leaf Falling Moon
NOVEMBER     Mzatanos       Freezing River maker Moon
DECEMBER     Pebonkas       Winter Maker Moon


ALGONQUIN:
JANUARY-     SQUOCHEE KESOS-         SUN HAS STRENGTH TO THAW
FEBRUARY-    WAPICUUMMILCUM-         ICE IN RIVER IS GONE
MARCH-       NAMOSSACK KESOS-        CATCHING FISH
APRIL -      SUQUANNI KESOS-         WHEN THEY SET INDIAN CORN
MAY-         MOONESQUANIMOCK KESOS-  WHEN WOMEN WEED CORN
JUNE-        TWOWA KESOS-            WHEN THEY HILL INDIAN CORN
JULY-        MATTERLLAWAW KESOS-     SQUASH ARE RIPE & INDIAN BEANS BEGIN TO BE EDIBLE
AUGUST-      MICHEENEE KESOS-        WHEN INDIAN CORN'S EDIBLE
SEPTEMBER-   POHQUITAQUNK KESOS-     MIDDLE BETWEEN HARVEST AND EATING INDIAN CORN
OCTOBER-     PEPEWARR-               WHITE FROST ON GRASS & GROUND
NOVEMBER-    QUINNE KESOS-           SAME AS PEPEWARR
DECEMBER-    PAPSAPQUOHO


ANISHNAABE (CHIPPEWA, OJIBWE):     
JANUARY -    Gichi-manidoo-giizis           GREAT SPIRIT MOON
FEBRUARY -   Namebini-giizis                SUCKER MOON
MARCH -      Bebookwaadaagame-giizis(oog)   SNOW CRUST MOON
APRIL -      Iskigamizige-giizis(oog)       BROKEN SNOWSHOW MOON
MAY -        Waabigwani-giizis              BLOSSOM MOON
JUNE -       Ode'imini-giizis               STRAWBERRY MOON
JULY -       Aabita-niibino-giizis          RASPBERRY MOON
AUGUST -     Miini-giizis                   BERRY MOON
SEPTEMBER -  Manoominike-giizis             RICE MOON
OCTOBER -    Binaakwe-giizis                FALLING LEAVES MOON
NOVEMBER -   Gashkadino-giizis(oog)         FREEZING MOON
DECEMBER -   Manidoo-gizisoons              SMALL SPIRITS MOON




APACHE:
JANUARY -    TIME OF FLYING ANTS 
APRIL -      MOON OF THE BIG LEAVES
MAY -        SEASON WHEN THE LEAVES ARE GREEN
JULY -       MOON OF THE HORSE/TIME OF RIPENESS
OCTOBER -    TIME WHEN THE CORN IS TAKEN IN 


NORTHERN ARAPAHO:   
JANUARY -    WHEN THE SNOW BLOWS LIKE SPIRITS IN THE WIND
FEBRUARY -   FROST SPARKLING IN THE SUN
MARCH -      BUFFALO DROPPING THEIR CALVES
APRIL -      ICE BREAKING IN THE RIVER
MAY -        WHEN THE PONIES SHED THEIR SHAGGY HAIR
JUNE -       WHEN THE HOT WEATHER BEGINS
JULY -       WHEN THE BUFFALO BELLOWS
LATE JULY -  WHEN THE CHOKEBERRIES BEGIN TO RIPEN
AUGUST -     GEESE SHEDDING THEIR FEATHERS
SEPTEMBER -  DRYING GRASS
OCTOBER -    FALLING LEAVES
NOVEMBER -   WHEN THE RIVERS START TO FREEZE
DECEMBER -   POPPING TREES


ASSINIBOINE:
JANUARY -    Wicogandu           Center Moon
FEBRUARY -   Amhanska            Long Dry Mon
MARCH -      Wicinstayazan       Sore Eye Moon
APRIL -      Tabehatawi          Frog Moon
MAY -        Indiwiga            Idle Moon
JUNE -       Wahequosmewi        Full leaf Moon
JULY -       Wasasa              Red Berries Moon
AUGUST -     Capasapsaba         Black Cherries Moon
SEPTEMBER -  Wahpegiwi           Yellow Leaf Moon
OCTOBER -    Anukope             Joins Both Sides Moon
             Tasnaheja-hagikta   Striped Gopher looks Back Moon
NOVENBER -   Cuhotgawi           Frost Moon
DECEMBER -   Wicogandu-sungagu   Center Moon's Younger Brother


CHEROKEE (MONTHS with help from Tu'ti):
JANUARY -    UNOLVTANA -  COLD MOON
FEBRUARY -   KAGALI -     BONY MOON
MARCH -      ANVHYI -     STRAWBERRY OR WINDY MOON
APRIL -      KAWOHNI -    FLOWER MOON
MAY -        ANSGVTI -    PLANTING MOON
JUNE -       DEHALUYI -   GREEN CORN MOON
JULY -       KUYEGWONA -  RIPE CORN MOON
AUGUST -     GALOHNI -    END OF THE FRUIT OR DRYING UP MOON
SEPTEMBER -  DULISDI -    NUT OR BLACK BUTTERFLY MOON
OCTOBER -    DUNINHDI -   HARVEST MOON
NOVEMBER -   NVDADEGWA -  TRADING MOON
DECEMBER -   VSKIHYI -    SNOW MOON


EASTERN CHEROKEE MOONS (thanks to Robert Graybear):
nvda kanawoga -             COLD MOON
nvda kola -                 BONE MOON (so little food, people gnaw on bones and eat bone marrow soup)
nvda unole -                WIND MOON (when strong winds strip away the dead wood and foliage and prepare the land for renewal) 
nvda atsilusgi -            FLOWER MOON (when plants come to life and bloom again and the Earth is renewed)
nvda gahlvsga -             PLANTING MOON (strict translation "the putting it in a hole moon")
nvda seluitseiyusdi -       GREEN CORN MOON (when the corn is up and showing itself as an identifiable crop)
nvda utsi'dsata' -          CORN IN TASSEL MOON (when the corn is displaying a tassel)
nvda seluuwa`nûñ`sa -       RIPE CORN MOON
nvda udatanvagisdi ulisdv - END OF FRUIT MOON
nvda udatanûñ -             NUT MOON
nvda tsiyahloha -           HARVEST MOON
nvda ganohalidoha -         HUNTING MOON
nvda gutiha -               SNOW MOON (when the first snows fall in the mountains)


CHEYENNE:
JANUARY -    MOON OF THE STRONG COLD
APRIL -      MOON WHEN THE GEESE LAY EGGS 
MAY -        MOON WHEN THE HORSES GET FAT
SEPTEMBER    DRYING GRASS MOON
OCTOBER -    MOON WHEN THE WATER BEGINS TO FREEZE ON THE EDGE OF THE STREAMS 
NOVEMBER -   DEER RUTTING MOON - 
DECEMBER -   MOON WHEN THE WOLVES RUN TOGETHER

CHEYENNE: (per Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe website: www.c-a-tribes.org)
JANUARY -    Hohtseéše’he			Hoop Moon
FEBRUARY -   He’konénehesó-eše’he		Little Hard Face Moon
FEBRUARY -   Ma'xéhohtseéše’he			Big Hoop Moon
FEBRUARY -   Tšéške'hohtseéše’he		Little Hoop Moon
MARCH -      P´onoma’ehasenéeše’he		Drying Up Moon
MARCH -      Heše’évenéhe-éše’he		Dirt Face Moon
APRIL -      Véhpotseéše’he			Leaf Moon
MAY -        Matsé’oméeše’he			Spring Moon
JUNE -       É’omeéše’he			Fattening Up Moon
June -       É’nano'eéše’he			Planting Moon
JULY -       Méanéeše’he			Summer Moon
JULY -       Sétoveméanéeše’he			Middle of Summer Moon
AUGUST -     O’enenéeše’he			Picking or Harvest Moon
AUGUST -     Hémotséeše'he			Rutting Moon
SEPTEMBER -  Tonóeše'he				Cool Moon
SEPTEMBER -  Tonóeveéše’he			Fall Moon
OCTOBER -    Heše’kévénestseeše’he		Dirt In The Face Moon
OCTOBER -    Se'ma'omeveéše'he			Starting To Freeze Moon
NOVEMBER -   He’koneneéše’he			Hard Face Moon
DECEMBER -   Sétoveaéneéše’he			Middle Of Winter Moon


EASTERN COMANCHE (Thanks to Lee R. Williams):
January -   Toh mua                 year moon
            Ukurooma mua -          middle moon
February -  Positsu mua -           sleet moon
March -     Nana?butituikatu mua -  hot & cold Moon
            Tahpooku mua -          cottonball moon
April -     Tahma mua -             new Spring moon
May -       Totsiyaa mua -          flower moon
June -      Puhi mua -              leaf moon
July -      Urui mua -              hot moon
            Pia mua -               large moon
August -    Tahma mua -             Summer moon
            Ukuiyuba mua -          new Fall moon
September - Taboo mua -             paperman moon
            Kwi?ena mua -           school (back to)  moon
October -   Yuba mua -              Fall Season moon
November -  Yubaubi mua -           heading to Winter moon
            Aho Tabenihtu mua -     Thanking moon
December -  Pia utsu?i mua -        big cold moon
            Wahi mua -              evergreen moon
13th Moon - Toh mua -               year moon


CREE:
JANUARY -    WHEN THE OLD FELLOW SPREADS THE BRUSH     (GISHEPAPIWATEKIMUMPIZUN) 
FEBRUARY -   OLD MONTH                                 (CEPIZUN)
MARCH -      EAGLE MONTH                               (MIGISUPIZUM)
APRIL -      GRAY GOOSE MONTH                          (KISKIPIZUN)
MAY -        FROG MONTH                                (ALIGIPIZUN)
JUNE -       THE MONTH LEAVES COME OUT                 (SAGIPUKAWIPIZUN)
JULY -       THE MOON WHEN DUCKS BEGIN TO MOULT        (OPASKWUWIPIZUN)
AUGUST -     THE MOON YOUNG DUCKS BEGIN TO FLY         (OPUNHOPIZUN)
SEPTEMBER -  WAVY OR SNOW GOOSE MONTH                  (WEWEOPIZUN)
OCTOBER -    THE MOON THE BIRDS FLY SOUTH              (OPINAHAMOWIPIZUN)
NOVEMBER -   THE MOON THE RIVERS BEGIN TO FREEZE       (KASKATINOPIZUN)
DECEMBER -   WHEN THE YOUNG FELLOW SPREADS THE BRUSH   (PAPIWATIGINASHISPIZUN)


CREE (13 MOON VERSION - STARTS IN JANUARY):
GREAT OR MIDWINTER MOON        APIHTAPIPUNPICIM OR KICEPICIM
EAGLE MOON                     MIKICIWPICIM
GOOSE MOON                     KISKIHPICIM
FROG MOON                      AYIKIPICIM
LEAVES APPEAR MOON             SAKIPAKAWPICIM
EGG HATCHING OR LAYING MOON    PASKAWEHOWLPICIM OR PINAWEWIPICIM
FEATHER MOULTING MOON          PASKOWRPICIM
STARTS TO FLY MOON             OHPAHOWIPICIM
BREEDING MOON                  NO-TCIHLTOPICIM
LEAVES CHANGE COLOR MOON       PINACKOPICIM
FALLING LEAVES MOON
FROZEN OVER MOON               OKASKATANOPICIM 
SCATTERING MOON                PIWAKTCAKINACISPICIM


CREEK:
MAY -        MULBERRY MOON
JULY -       LITTLE RIPENING MOON
AUGUST -     BIG RIPENING MOON
SEPTEMBER -  LITTLE CHESTNUT MOON
NOVEMBER -   MOON WHEN THE WATER IS BLACK WITH LEAVES
DECEMBER -   BIG WINTER MOON

CREEK: (alternative)
STARTS IN AUGUST
             MUCH HEAT OR BIG RIPENING
             LITTLE CHESTNUT
             BIG CHESTNUT
             IHOLI-FROST
             BIG WINTER
             LITTLE WINTER
             WIND
             LITTLE SPRING
             BIG SPRING
             MULBERRY
             BLACKBERRY
             LITTLE HEAT OR LITTLE RIPENING

Haida: (from the University of Alaska website)
JANUARY -    Táan Kungáay -       Bear hunting moon
FEBRUARY -   Hlgit’ún Kungáay -   Goose moon
MARCH -      Xitgáas Kungáay -    Noisy goose moon
APRIL -      Xíit Kungáay -       Migratory geese moon
MAY -        Tahálaa Kungáay -    Food-gathering moon
JUNE -       Gáan Kungáay -       Berries ripen moon
JULY -       Chíin Kungáay -      Salmon moon
AUGUST -     K’íit’aas Kungáay -  Cedar bark for hat and baskets
SEPTEMBER -  Kálk Kungáay -       Ice moon
OCTOBER -    Cha’áaw Kungáay -    Bears hibernate
NOVEMBER -   T’a’áaw Kungáay -    Snow moon
DECEMBER -   Gáangálang Kungáay - Ripe berries

HOPI: (from their web site)
JANUARY -    PAAMUYA -      Month of Life at it's Height
FEBRUARY -   POWAMUYA -     Month of Purification and Renewal
MARCH -      OSOMUYAW -     Month of the Whispering Wind
APRIL -      KWIYAMUYAW -   Month of Windbreak
MAY -        HAKITONMUYAW - Month of Waiting 
JUNE -       UYISMUYA -     Month of Planting  (also called WUKOUYIS)
JULY -       KELMUYA -      Month of Fledgling Hawk
             NIMANMUYA -    Month of the Homedance
AUGUST -     PAAMUYA -      Month of Joyful
             TAALAPAMUYA -  Month of Life at it's Height
SEPTEMBER -  NASANMUYAW -   Month of Full Harvest
                            Month of Plenty
OCTOBER -    ANGAQMUYAW -   Month of Long Hair
             TUHO'OSMUYA -  Month of Harvesting 
NOVEMBER -   KELMUYA -      Month of Fledgling Hawk
DECEMBER -   KYAAMUYA -     Month of Respect


Inuit (Eskimo):
JANUARY -    Avunniviayuk
FEBRUARY -   Avunnivik
MARCH -      Amaolikkervik
APRIL -      Kriblalikvik
MAY -        Tigmiyikvik
JUNE -       Nuertorvik
JULY -       Padlersersivik
AUGUST -     Krugyuat tingiviat
SEPTEMBER -  Aklikarniarvik
OCTOBER -    Tugluvik
NOVEMBER -   Itartoryuk
DECEMBER -   Kaitvitjuitk


Kalapuya:
JANUARY -    Atalka - stay inside
FEBRUARY -   Atchiulartadsh - out of food
MARCH -      Atcha-uyu - Spring, women dig camas
APRIL -      Amanta Kotantal - time for pounding camas
MAY -        Atantal - camas blooming time
JUNE -       Anishnalya - camas ripe
JULY -       Ameku or Waydyu Ameku - mid Summer
AUGUST -     Akupiu - end of Summer
SEPTEMBER -  Atchiutchutin - after harvest
OCTOBER -    Atchalankuaik - start getting sagittair roots
NOVEMBER -   Alangitapi - moving inside for winter
DECEMBER -   Adshampak - not bad weather


KERESAN:       
JANUARY -    Nadzi-kisraiti
FEBRUARY -   y'amuuni daawaatra
MARCH -      Shch'ami daawaatra
APRIL -      Bashch'atsishe daawaatra
MAY -        Shawiitsishe daawaatra
JUNE -       Sauhua daawaatra
JULY -       Sina kisraiti
AUGUST -     y'aamuni daawaatra
SEPTEMBER -  Kinati daawaatra
OCTOBER -    -
NOVEMBER -   -
DECEMBER -   Nachuweenu daawaatra


KIOWA:
EARLY FEBRUARY -   LITTLE BUD MOON                        (KAGUAT P'A SAN)
EARLY MARCH -      BUD MOON                               (KAGUAT P'A)
EARLY APRIL -      LEAF MOON                              (AIDEN P'A)
LATE APRIL -       SUMMER AGANTI: I'LL MAKE IT HOT SOON   (PAI AGANTI)
LATE MAY -         SUMMER TEPGAN: GEESE GO NORTH          (PAI TEGPAN P'A)
JUNE -             SUMMER MOON                            (PAI GANHINA P'A)
LATE JULY -        LITTLE MOON OF DEER HORNS DROPPING OFF (TAGUNOTAL P'A SAN)
AUGUST -           YELLOW LEAVES MOON                     (AIDENGUAK'O P'A)
SEPTEMBER  -       MOON WHEN THE LEAVES FALL OFF
EARLY OCTOBER -    TEN-COLDS MOON                         (GAKINAT'O P'A)
LATE OCTOBER  -    WAIT UNTIL I COME                      (AGANTI)
LATE NOVEMBER -    GEESE-GOING MOON                       (TEPGAN P'A)
LATE DECEMBER -    REAL GOOSE MOON                        (GANHINA P'A)



KUMEYAAY:
Halamrtinya -      January
Halanitca -        February
Halakwol -         March
Halanyimcep -      April
Halatai -          May
Halapisu -         June
Halamrtinya -      July
Halanitca -        August
Halakwol -         September (start of KUMEYAAY year)
Halanyimcep -      October
Halatai -          November
Halapisu -         December


LAKOTA (Thanks to Joseph RedCloud):
Wiotehika Wi -        Hard moon.
Cannapopa Wi -        Moon when the trees crack because of the cold.
Istawicayazan Wi -    Moon of the sore eyes.
Wihakaktacepapi Wi -  Moon when the wife had to crack bones for marrow fat.
Canwape To Wi -       Moon of the green leaves.
Wipazatkan Waste Wi - Moon when the June berries are good.
Canpasapa Wi -        Moon when the chokecherries are black.
Wasutoa Wi -          Moon of the ripening.
Canwape Gi Wi -       Moon of the brown leaves.
Canwape Kasna Wi -    Moon when the wind shakes off the leaves.
Waniyetu Wi -         Moon when winter begins.
Wanicokan Wi -        Moon when the deer shed their antlers. 


MANDAN-HIDATSA:
APRIL -      MOON OF THE BREAKING UP OF THE ICE
NOVEMBER -   MOON WHEN THE RIVER FREEZES


MOHAWK: 
JANUARY -    Tsothohrhko:wa        the big cold
FEBRUARY -   Enniska               lateness
MARCH -      Ennisko:wa            much lateness
APRIL -      Onerahtokha           budding time
MAY -        Onerahtohko:wa        time of big leaf
JUNE -       Ohiari:ha             ripening time
JULY -       Ohiarihko:wa          time of much ripening
AUGUST -     Seskehko:wa           time of freshness
SEPTEMBER -  Seskhoko:wa           time of much freshness
OCTOBER -    Kentenha              time of poverty
NOVEMBER -   Kentenhko:wa          time of much poverty
DECEMBER -   Tsothohrha            time of cold


MUSCOKEE (CREEK):
January -    Rv'fo Cusee         Winter's Younger Brother
February -   Hotvlee-hv'see      Wind Month
March -      Tasahcucee          Little Spring Month
April -      Tasahcee-rakko      Big Spring Month
May -        Kee-hvsee           Mulberry Month
June -       Kvco-hvsee          Blackberry Month
July -       Hiyucee             Little Harvest
August -     Hiyo-rakko          Big Harvest
September -  Otowoskucee         Little Chestnut Month
October -    Otowoskv-rakko      Big Chestnut Month
November -   Echolee             Frost Month
December -   Rvfo-rakko          Big Winter


NATCHEZ (Per a display in the Grand Village of the Natchez Museum - Starts in March)
1st Moon -   Deer
2nd Moon -   Strawberries
3rd Moon -   Little Corn
4th Moon -   Watermelons
5th Moon -   Peaches
6th Moon -   Mulberries
7th Moon -   Great Corn
8th Moon -   Turkeys
9th Moon -   Bison
10th Moon -  Bears
11th Moon -  Cold Meal
12th Moon -  Chestnuts
13th Moon -  Nuts


NAVAJO (from a 1945 Department of Defense Document):
JANUARY		ATSAH-BE-YAZ	 	SMALL EAGLE
FEBRUARY 	WOZ-CHEIND 		SQUEEKY VOICE
MARCH 		TAH-CHILL 		SMALL PLANT
APRIL 		TAH-TSO 		BIG PLANT
MAY 		TAH-TSOSIE 		SMALL PLANT
JUNE 		BE-NE-EH-EH-JAH-TSO 	BIG PLANTING
JULY 		BE-NE-TA-TSOSIE 	SMALL HARVEST
AUGUST 		BE-NEEN-TA-TSO 		BIG HARVEST
SEPTEMBER 	GHAW-JIH 		HALF
OCTOBER 	NIL-CHI-TSOSIE 		SMALL WIND
NOVEMBER 	NIL-CHI-TSO 		BIG WIND
DECEMBER 	YAS-NIL-TES 		CRUSTED SNOW


OJEBWAY (according to Peter Jones' 1861 book)
January - 	Keche Munedoo keezis	Great Spirit moon
February - 	Nuhmabene keezis	mullet fish moon
March -		Neke keezis		wild goose moon
April - 	Omuhkuhkee keezis	frog moon
May - 		Wahbegwunee keezis	blooming moon
June - 		Odoemin keezis		strawberry moon
July - 		Mesquemene keezis	red raspberry moon
August - 	Meen keezis		huckleberry moon
September - 	Ahtabuhgah keezis	falling leaf moon
October - 	Penaqueewene keezis	falling leaf moon
November - 	Kuhskhuhdene keezis	freezing moon
December - 	Munedoo keezis		spirit moon


OMAHA:
JANUARY -    MOON WHEN SNOW DRIFTS INTO TIPIS
FEBRUARY -   MOON WHEN GEESE COME HOME
MARCH -      LITTLE FROG MOON
JUNE -       MOON WHEN THE BUFFALO BULLS HUNT THE COWS
JULY -       MOON WHEN THE BUFFALO BELLOW
SEPTEMBER -  MOON WHEN THE DEER PAW THE EARTH


OSAGE:
MAY -        MOON WHEN THE LITTLE FLOWERS DIE
AUGUST -     YELLOW FLOWER MOON


PASSAMAQUODDY:        
JANUARY -    Opolahsomuwehs          whirling wind month
FEBRUARY -   Piyatokonis             when the spruce tips fall
MARCH -      Siqon                   spring moon
APRIL -      Ponatom                 spring moon
MAY -        Siqonomeq               Alewive moon
JUNE -       Nipon                   summer moon
JULY -       Accihte                 ripening moon
AUGUST -     Apsqe                   feather shedding moon
SEPTEMBER -  Toqakiw                 autumn moon
OCTOBER -    Amilkahtin              harvest moon
NOVEMBER -   Kelotonuhket            freezing moon
DECEMBER -   Punam                   frost fish moon


PIMA:           
JANUARY -    Gi'ihothag mashath      the weight loss month (when animals lose their fat)         
FEBRUARY -   Kohmagi mashath         the gray month (when trees are bare and vegetation is scarce)
MARCH -      Chehthagi mashath       the green month
APRIL -      Oam Mashath             the yellow month
             S-gevk mashath          the strong month (when the trees begin to bloom)
MAY -        Ko'ok mashath   
JUNE -       -
JULY -       -
AUGUST -     -
SEPTEMBER -  -
OCTOBER -    -
NOVEMBER -   -
DECEMBER -   -


PONCA:
JANUARY -    SNOW THAWS MOON
MARCH -      WATER STANDS IN THE PONDS MONTH
JUNE -       HOT WEATHER BEGINS MOON
JULY -       MIDDLE OF SUMMER MOON
AUGUST -     CORN IS IN THE SILK MOON
OCTOBER -    MOON WHEN THEY STORE FOOD IN CACHES


POTAWATOMI:                           
JANUARY -    mkokisis                month of the bear
FEBRUARY -   Mnokesis                month of rabbit conception
MARCH -      cicakkises              month of the crane
APRIL -      -
MAY -        Te'minkeses             month of the strawberry
JUNE -       Msheke'kesis            month of the turtle     
JULY -       We'shkitdaminkese       month of the young corn
AUGUST -     e'mnomukkises           month of the middle     
SEPTEMBER -  -
OCTOBER -    e'sksegtukkisis         month of the first frost
NOVEMBER -   Pne'kesis               month of the turkey & feast
DECEMBER -   -


SHAWNEE (by Noel Schutz at http://www.shawnee-traditions.com/ShawneeMoons.html )
January      Ha'kwi kiishthwa             Severe Moon
February     Haatawi kiishthwa            Crow Moon
March        Shkipiye kwiitha             Sap Moon
April        Pooshkwiitha                 Half Moon
May          Hotehimini kiishthwa         Strawberry Moon
June         Mshkatiwi kiishthwa          Raspberry Moon
July         Miini kiishthwa              Blackberry Moon
August       Po'kamawi kiishthwa          Plum Moon
September    Ha'shimini kiishthwa         Papaw Moon
October      Sha'teepakanootha            Wilted Moon
November     Kini kiishthwa               Long Moon
December     Washilatha kiishthwa         Eccentric Moon


CENTRAL SHOSHONI (thanks to Lee R. Williams):
January -   Goa-mea' -       freezing moon  
February -  Isha-mea' -      coyote moon   
March -     Yu'a-mea' -      warming moon 
April -     Badua'-mea' -    melting moon   
May -       Buhisea'-mea' -  budding moon  
June -      Daa'za-mea' -    (starts) summer moon 
July -      Daza-mea' -      Summer moon  
August -    Guuteyai-mea' -  hot moon 
September - Yeba-mea' -      Fall moon  
October -   Naa-mea' -       rutting moon  
November -  Ezhe'i-mea' -    cold moon   
December -  Dommo-mea' -     Winter moon  


TUMPISA (PANAMINT) SHOSHONE - by: Jon P. Dayley (thanks to Lee R. Williams)
January     sumum muattsi                       1st moon
February    waham muattsi                       2nd moon
March       pahim muattsi                       3rd moon
April       wattsuwim muattsi                   4th moon
May         manukim muattsi                     5th moon
June        naapaim muattsi                     6th moon
July        taattsuwim muattsi                  7th moon
August      woosuwim muattsi                    8th moon
September   wanukkim muattsi                    9th moon
October     suumoonom muattsi                   10th moon
November    sumuttum ma to’engkunna muattsi   11th moon
December    wahattum ma to’engkunna muattsi   12th moon
            pahittum ma to’engkunna muattsi   13th moon



SIOUX:
JANUARY -    MOON OF STRONG COLD/FROST IN THE TEEPEE/WOLVES RUN TOGETHER
FEBRUARY -   RACCOON MOON/DARK RED CALVES
MARCH -      MOON WHEN BUFFALO COWS DROP THEIR CALVES/OF THE SNOWBLIND/SORE EYE MOON
APRIL -      MOON OF GREENING GRASS/RED GRASS APPEARING
MAY -        MOON WHEN THE PONIES SHED
JUNE -       MOON OF MAKING FAT/MOON WHEN GREEN GRASS IS UP/STRAWBERRY MOON
JULY -       MOON WHEN THE WILD CHERRIES ARE RIPE/RED CHERRIES/RED BLOOMING LILIES 
AUGUST -     MOON WHEN THE GEESE SHED THEIR FEATHERS/CHERRIES TURN BLACK
SEPTEMBER -  MOON OF DRYING GRASS/WHEN CALVES GROW HAIR OR BLACK CALF/WHEN THE PLUMS ARE SCARLET 
OCTOBER -    MOON OF FALLING LEAVES/CHANGING SEASON
NOVEMBER -   MOON OF THE FALLING LEAVES
DECEMBER -   MOON OF POPPING TREES/WHEN DEER SHED THEIR HORNS/BUFFALO COW'S FETUS IS GETTING LARGE


TEWA PUEBLO:
FEBRUARY -   MOON OF THE CEDAR DUST WIND
MARCH -      MOON WHEN THE LEAVES BREAK FORTH
JUNE -       MOON WHEN THE LEAVES ARE DARK GREEN
SEPTEMBER -  MOON WHEN THE CORN IS TAKEN IN
NOVEMBER -   MOON WHEN ALL IS GATHERED IN


Tlingit: (from a University of Alaska website)
JANUARY -    T’aawak Dís              Goose moon
FEBRUARY     S’eek Dís                Black bear moon
MARCH -      Héentáanáx Kayaan’i Dís  Underwater plants sprout
APRIL -      X’eigaa Kayaaní Dís      Budding moon of plants and shrubs
MAY -        At gadaxéet yinaa Dís    Month before pregnancy
JUNE -       At gadaxéet Dís          Birth moon
JULY -       Xaat Dísi                Salmon moon
AUGUST -     Sha-ha-yi                Berries ripe on mountain
SEPTEMBER -  Dis Yádi                 Young (animals) moon
OCTOBER -    Dís Tlein                Big moon
NOVEMBER -   Kukahaa Dís              Scraping moon
DECEMBER -   Shanáx Dís               Unborn seals are getting hair



WINNEBAGO:
FEBRUARY -   FISH-RUNNING MOON
APRIL -      PLANTING CORN MOON
MAY -        HOEING-CORN MOON
JULY -       CORN-POPPING MOON
NOVEMBER -   LITTLE BEAR'S MOON 
DECEMBER -   BIG BEAR'S MOON


WISHRAM:
JANUARY -    HER COLD MOON
FEBRUARY -   SHOULDER TO SHOULDER AROUND THE FIRE MOON
MARCH -      LONG DAYS MOON
APRIL -      THE 8TH MOON
MAY -        THE 9TH MOON
JUNE -       FISH SPOILS EASILY MOON
JULY -       SALMON GO UP THE RIVERS IN A GROUP MOON
AUGUST -     BLACKBERRY PATCHES MOON
SEPTEMBER -  HER ACORNS MOON
OCTOBER -    TRAVEL IN CANOES MOON
NOVEMBER -   SNOWY MOUNTAINS IN THE MORNING MOON
DECEMBER -   HER WINTER HOUSES MOON


YAQUI: (from the Pasqua Yaqui website - http://www.pascuayaqui-nsn.gov/history_and_culture/language/months.shtml)
English   -  Normal Yaqui usage  -  Yaqui descriptive
January   -  Enero               -  Kesan Meecha 
February  -  Febreo              -  Heka Meecha 
March     -  Marzo               -  Waehma Meecha 
April     -  Abril               -  Sewa Meecha 
May       -  Mayo                -  Pahko Meecha 
June      -  Hunio               -  Taa'a Meecha 
July      -  Hulio               -  Yuku Meecha  
August    -  Awohto              -  Kau Meecha 
September -  Septiembre          -  Yaut Yo'oria Meecha 
October   -  Oktuvre             -  Yohti Meecha 
November  -  Noviemvre           -  Animam Meecha 
December  -  Deciembre           -  Jesu Cristo Toomtek Meecha 


YUCHI:
JANUARY:     FROZEN GROUND           SALATCPI
FEBRUARY:    WIND                    HODADZO
MARCH:       LITTLE SUMMER           WADASINE
APRIL:       BIG SUMMER              WADAA
MAY:         MULBERRY RIPENING       DECONENDZO
JUNE:        BLACKBERRY RIPENING     CPACONENDZO
JULY:        MIDDLE OF SUMMER        WAGAKYA
AUGUST:      DOG DAYS                TSENEAGA
SEPTEMBER:   HAY CUTTING             TSOGALINETSEE
OCTOBER:     CORN RIPENING           TSOTOHOSTANE
DECEMBER:    MIDDLE OF WINTER        HOCTADAKYA


ZUNI:
JANUARY -    Dayamcho yachunne -    MOON WHEN LIMBS OF TREES ARE BROKEN BY SNOW
February -   Onon u'la'ukwamme -    no snow in trails moon
March -      Li'dekwakkya ts'ana -  little sand storm moon
April -      Li'dekwakkya lana -    great sand storm moon
May -        Yachun kwa'shi'amme -  no name
June -       Ik'ohbu yachunne -     turning moon
July -       Dayamcho yachunne -    moon when limbs of are trees broken by fruit
August -     Onan u'la'ukwamme
September -  Li'dekwakkwya ts'ana
          -  Miyashshe:nak'ya -     when everything ripens & corn is harvested
OCTOBER -    Li'dekwakkwya lana -   BIG WIND MOON
November -   Yachun kwa'shi'amme
December -   Ik'ohbu yachunne -     turning moon or the sun has traveled south to
                                     his home to rest before he starts back on his journey north


-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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DIEGUENO:
STARTS NOVEMBER,6 NAMES, REPEAT W/SLIGHT VARIATION
        ILYA-KWETL      COLD
        HEHA-NIMSUP     SNOW
        HATAI   COLD
        HEHA-PSU        RAIN
        HATYA-MATINYA   RAIN
        IHY-ANIDJA      GROWTH
        KWURH
        NAMASAP
        TAI
        PSWI
        MATANAI
        ANAHA   





HUCHNOM:
STARTS IN WINTER, TWO NAMES PER MOON
        MIPA'OHOT               OLD MAN FINGER,THUMB-MARCH
        MIPA-KOYE               LONG FINGER     
        MIPA'-OLSEL                     
        YOHT-UMOL               MAY     
        OLPALMOL                TREE LEAVES     
        IM-POMOL                        
        YOHT-WANMOL             
        IM-TOMOL                        
        IM-PUSMOL                       
        YOHT-POMOL              DRY     
        YOHT-USMOL              
        OLOM-TOMOL              MOUNTAINS BURNED OVER           
        ON-TUTWIN                       
        ON-WOI-MOL              EARTH SMOKY (AUGUST-SEPTEMBER)  
        LEHPWANMOL OR LEHPWENE  BEGINNING OF AUTUMN     
        HUWOL-HUNTUSMOL         ACORNS READY TO DROP    
        HUWOL-CHUKMOL           ACORNS FALL     
        MUNL-NANTMOL            ICE ON STREAMS  
        YEM-TAMOL               FIRE _____?     
        HUNW-TANKMOL            FISH FROZEN


KLAMATH:
STARTS IN AUGUST,COUNTED ON FINGERS
        T-HOPO          THUMB, BERRIES DRIED
        SPELUISH        INDEX-FINGER, DANCING
        TAT-HELAM       MIDDLE-FINGER, LEAVES FULL
        KAPCHELAM       RING-FINGER, SNOW
        KAPCHA          LITTLE FINGER, HEAVY SNOW
        T-HOPO          THUMB, LAKES FROZEN
        SPELUISH        INDEX-FINGER, RAIN & DANCING
        TAT-HELAM       MIDDLE-FINGER, SUCKER FISHING
        KAPCHELAM       RING-FINGER, "IPOS" GATHERING
        KAPCHA          LITTLE-FINGER, SUCKERS DRIED
        T-HOPO          THUMB, "WOKAS" HARVEST
        SPELUISH        INDEX-FINGER, RETURN FROM HARVEST


JUANENO:
STARTS AT WINTER SOLSTICE (ONLY 10 NAMES) 
        A'APKOMIL (WINTER SOLSTICE)
        PERET
        YARMAR
        ALASOWIL
        TOKOBOAICH
        SINTEKAR (SUMMER SOLSTICE)
        KUKWAT
        LALAVAICH
        AWITSKOMEL
        A'AWIT


FOOTHILL MAIDU:
STARTS IN MARCH
        KONO            ?
        WIN-UTI         BLACK OAKS TASSEL
        TEM-DIYOKO      FAWNS
        NEM-DIYOKO      BIG MOUTH
        KAUI-TSON       GROUND BURN
        ESLAKUM MIDDLE
        MAT-MENI        ACORN BREAD
        BAPABOKA        ?
        BO-LYE          TRAIL ______?
        SAP             ?
        INTO            ?
        OMI-HINTSULI    SQUINT ROCK


MOUNTAIN MAIDU:
STARTS IN MARCH
        BOM-TETNO       TRAIL SIT ALONG
        KONO    ?
        KULOKBEPINE     OLD WOMAN ____?
        NO NAME JUNE
        NO NAME JULY
        NO NAME AUGUST
        SE-MENI SEED
        TEM-TSAMPAUTO   SMALL TREE FREEZE
        TETEM-TSAMPAUTA LARGE TREE FREEZE
        KANAIPINO       UNDER BURN
        BOM-HINTSULI    TRAIL SQUINT
        BO-EKMEN        TRAIL BREAKS OPEN


VALLEY MAIDU:
STARTS IN MARCH
        SHAWI OR SHA-KONO     FLOWERS
        LAILA                 GRASS
        KON-MOKO              SEEDS,FISH,GEESE
        NENG-KAUKAT           BIG SUMMER
        TUMI                  SMOKEY
        TEM-SIMI              ACORNS RIPEN
        KUM-MENIM SHE-MENI    ACORNS GATHERED
        SHAHWODO              ACORNS CACHED
        YAPAKTO               WINTER DIVIDED
        OMHINCHOLI            ICE LASTS ALL DAY
        YEPONI OR BOM-PENE:   CEREMONIAL INITIATE OR 2 TRAILS      
        KAKA-KANO             PATTERING SHOWERS



MAYA: (they had a different calendar system)
        Pop      Mat                 
        Uo       Frog
        Zip      Stag
        Zotz     Bat
        Tzec     Skull 
        Xul      End 
        Yaxkin   Tender sun (green)
        Mol      Reunion
        Chen     Well
        Yax      Green 
        Zac      White 
        Ceh      Deer  
        Mac      Cover 
        Kankin   Mature sun (yellow)
        Muan     Owl                
        Pax      Music
        Kayab    Turtle 
        Cumhu    Dark God 
        Uayeb    Specters              



NATCHEZ:
STARTS IN MARCH
        DEER MOON
        STRAWBERRY MOON
        LITTLE CORN MOON
        WATERMELON MOON
        PEACHES MOON
        MULBERRIES MOON
        MAIZE MOON
        TURKEY MOON
        BISON MOON
        BEAR MOON
        COLD MEAL MOON
        CHESTNUTS MOON
        NUTS MOON


AZTEC: (they had a different calendar system)
        Izcalli              Resurrection
        Atlcahualco          Departure of the waters
        Tlacaxipehualiztli   Slaughtering of dogs
        Tozoztontli          Little Vigil
        Hueytozoztli         Grand Vigil
        Toxcatl              Dry Thing
        Etzalcualiztli       Meal of Corn and Bean
        Tecuilhuitontli      Little Feast of Lords
        Hueytecuilhuitl      Grand Feast of Lords
        Miccailhuitontli     Little Feast of The Dead
        Hueymiccailhuitl     Grand Feast of The Dead
        Ochpaniztli          Sweeping
        Pachtontli           Small Hay
        Hueypachtli          Large Hay
        Quecholli            Flamingo
        Panquetzaliztli      Raising of the Banners
        Atemoztli            Lowering of water
        Titl                 Shrinking
        Nemontemi            Empty Days
   

POMO:
STARTS APPROXIMATELY IN JANUARY
        BASHELAMATAU-LA         BUCKEYES RIPE
        SACHAU-DA               COLD WINDS
        KADAMCHIDO-DA           GROWTH BEGINS
        CHIDODAPUK              FLOWERS
        UMCHACHICH-DA           SEEDS RIPEN
        BUTICH-DA               BULBS MATURE (THE "BRODIACA")
        BAKAICHICH-DA           MANZANITA RIPENS
        LUCHICH-DA              ACORNS APPEAR
        SHACHLUYIAU-DA          SOAPROOT DUG FOR FISH POISON
        KALEMKAYO               TREES FELLED BY FIRE AT BUTT
        KASI-SA                 COLD BEGINS
        STALPKEL-DA             LEAVES YELLOW AND FALL



YUROK:
START IN LATE DECEMBER
        KOHTSEWETS                      
        NA'AIWETS                               
        NAHKSEWETS                      
        TSONA'AIWETS                    
        MEROYO                          
        KOHTSAWETS                      
        TSERWERSERK                     
        KNEWOLETEU                      
        KERERMERK OR PIA'AGO    RED BERRIES GATHERED
        WETLOWA OR LE'LO'O              
        NOHSO                   TIME OF ACORN GATHERING
        HOHKEMO                         
        KA'AMO                  COLD TIME

SEASON NAMES

ABENAKI
        SPRING:         SIGWAN    
        SUMMER:         NIBEN
        FALL:           TAGWOGO      
        WINTER:         PEBON


COCHIMI
	EARLY SUMMER	MEHHEVOH
	LATE SUMMER	AMADEAPEE
	EARLY WINTER	AMADAAPIGALA
	LATE WINTER	MAHEVAL
	EARLY SPRING	MAHEVAN
	LATE SPRING	MAAHHE

CREE 
        EARLY SPRING:   SIGUN
        LATE SPRING:    MILUSKAMIN
        EARLY SUMMER:   NIPIN
        LATE SUMMER:    MEGWANIPIU              
        EARLY FALL:     TUKWAGUN
        LATE FALL:      MIGISKAU
        EARLY WINTER:   PICHIPIPUN
        LATE WINTER:    MEGWAPIPUN


PAITUE    (thanks to Lee R. Williams)
        December is the Beginning of Winter Month     Tommo muha  
        March is the Beginning of Spring Month        Pudu tamana
        June is Beginning of Summer Month             Tatza muha
        September is Beginning of Autumn Month        Yubano muha




POWHATAN (THEY HAD A FIFTH SEASON FOR THE "EARING OF THE CORN": NEPINOUGH)
        WINTER:         POPANOW
        SPRING:         CATTAPEUK
        SUMMER:         COHATTAYOUGH
        FALL:           TAQUITOCK


TUMPISA (PANAMINT) SHOSHONE - by: Jon P. Dayley (thanks to Lee R. Williams)
        SPRING:         TAHMA   (in the springtime   tahmani)
        SUMMER:         TATSA   (in the summertime   tatsawani)
        FALL:           YUPANI  (in the autumn       yupanwani)
        WINTER:         TOMMO   (In the wintertime   tomowani)


YUCHI
        WINTER:         WICTA
        SPRING:         HINA WADELE
        SUMMER:         WADE
        FALL:           YACADILE        

DAY NAMES

        ABENAKI:
                Sunday -        Sanda
                Monday -        Kizsanda
                Tuesday -       Nisda Alokan
                Wednesday -     Nsida Alokan
                Thursday -      Iawda Alokan
                Friday -        Skawatukwikisgad
                Saturday -      Kadawsanda  


        CHEROKEE:
                SUNDAY -        UNADODAGWASGVI
                MONDAY -        UNADODAGWOHNVI
                TUESDAY -       TALINE IGA
                WEDNESDAY-      JOINE IGA
                THURSDAY-       NVHGINE IGA
                FRIDAY -        JUNHGILOSDI
                SATURDAY-       UNADODAGWIDENA


         CHICKASAW:
                SUNDAY -        NITAK HULLO
                MONDAY -        MUNTI
                TUESDAY -       CHOSTI
                WEDNESDAY -     WINSTI
                THURSDAY -      SOISTI
                FRIDAY -        NAM ULHCHIFA NITAK
                SATURDAY -      NITAK HULLO NUKFISH
          
                   
         Chippewa: (Ojibwe)        
                SUNDAY -        ANA'MI'E-GIJI'GAD
                MONDAY -        NITAM-GIJIGAD
                TUESDAY -       NIJO-GIJIGAD
                WEDNESDAY -     ABITOOSE-GIJIGAD
                THURSDAY -      NIWING-GIJIGAD
                FRIDAY -        NANING-GIJIGAD
                SATURDAY -      NINGOOT'WASSO-GIJIGAD